The new interdisciplinary science of Paleocryptozoology seeks to study extinct animals based on historical records and artifacts that may be compared with known fossils. The long-tailed flying reptile Scaphognathus crassirostris is one such species that may be studied in this manner. Archaeological items and ancient written accounts enable us to understand its appearance. For comparison purposes, the two fossils of that species that have been found are examined. The archaeological artifacts are from Egypt and Europe together with written accounts. Finally, the dimensions of the limbs of the best animal representations are compared with those known from skeletal findings to verify the likelihood that the ancients observed this species. This study helps to establish the recent existence of rhamphorhynchoid pterosaurs; animals that mainstream science believes became extinct about 140 million years ago.
